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Constructing the Self in a Line: Theme and Rheme as Self-Presentation Strategies in Online Daters' Profiles

A dating profile gives a writer only a few lines to make a stranger want to keep reading, which means every clause-initial choice is doing real work, whether the writer notices it or not. This paper takes that choice seriously, applying Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and, more specifically, the textual metafunction of Theme and Rheme, to self-description texts from twenty-five online daters purposively sampled across OkCupid, Bumble, Tinder, HER, and Facebook Dating. The guiding question is straightforward: how do daters use Theme and Rheme to organise what they say about themselves, and what does that organisation reveal about self-presentation strategy? Working from a qualitative document-analysis design, each self-description was segmented into independent clauses, and each clause’s Theme was coded as topical (marked or unmarked), interpersonal, or textual, following Halliday’s categories. Topical unmarked Theme dominates the corpus almost completely, accounting for 93.6% of all Theme choices; interpersonal Theme trails at 3.2%, textual Theme at 2.4%, and marked topical Theme barely registers at 0.8%. Daters, in other words, overwhelmingly open with a named participant, either themselves or a directly addressed “you,” rather than with a qualifying circumstance or a conjunctive frame. The Rheme is where the substantive content sits: the traits, preferences, and relationship conditions a dater wants a prospective match to register first. None of this looks like stylistic accident. Theme-Rheme structuring functions here as a resource, deployed consciously or not, through which daters foreground identity claims and push qualifying detail to the background. The paper closes by considering what this means for research on online self-presentation and for how dating platforms might be designed.

Keywords: Theme and Rheme, Systemic Functional Linguistics, self-presentation, online dating, textual metafunction.