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Distribution of Bacteria Species Isolated from Respiratory Tracts of Secondary School Students in Ebonyi North

Respiratory tract infection is an illness that can affect both the upper and the lower respiratory tract. Bacteria are the second most common causes of respiratory tract infections after viruses. This study employed a cross sectional study design, aimed to identify dominant bacteria species in respiratory tract of apparently healthy secondary school students in Ebonyi North. A total of 192 sputum specimens were collected randomly from secondary students of Ebonyi North Zone. Samples were collected from both day-resident and boarding-resident secondary schools in Ebonyi North. The sputum specimens were cultured on chocolate and blood agar and identified using standard microbiology techniques. Out of the 192 students sampled, 37.5% (72/192) were infected. A total of 6 bacterial species were identified including; Serratia liquefaciens (41.7%), Proteus vulgaris (19.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.8%), Bacillus thuringiensis (16.7%), Staphylococcus auerus (5.6%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (2.8%). Females students, 38/72 (52.8%) more infected by the bacterial spp than males 34/72 (47.2%) in this study. S. liquefaciens (52.6%) significantly infected more females than in males (29.4%), whereas P.vulagaris (23.5%), Bacillus thuringiensis (23.5%) and K. pneumoniae (17.6%), were more in males than in females. On the other hand, S. pyogenes only infected females. The distribution of bacteria species between the age groups of 15-16 (54%) and 17-18 (46%) years differ non-significantly. Boarding students were more infected with bacterial species than those of day residence students. This study revealed rare bacterial species implicated in respiratory tract infection especially among boarding secondary school students.