Increasing tensions between Iran, the United States, and Israel have led to unprecedented disruptions of maritime chokepoints such as the Strait of Hormuz and Red Sea, resulting in severe economic shocks to developing economies that rely on seaborne imports, exemplified by Nigeria. This article analyses how effective risk mitigation strategies can help to address the impact of distributions to maritime chokepoints on the logistics of imported goods to Nigeria by employing a mixed-methods approach involving quantitative trade flow analysis and qualitative assessment of institutional resilience frameworks drawing on data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), World Bank trade statistics, and Nigeria’s National Bureau of Statics. This study examines the impact of disruptions to key shipping lanes on Nigeria, whose import logistics rely on maritime transport for 95% of inbound goods, with shipping cost increases of 205-500% on affected routes, 92% collapses in fertilizer shipments, and 93% reductions in industrial raw materials through the Strait of Hurmuz have cascaded to the trade balance and domestic price stability of Nigeria. Qualitative analysis of systemic inefficiencies in Nigeria logistics infrastructure point to institutional gaps that currently cost the economy about $8 billion annually. It shows that risk mitigation strategies, including route diversification, supplier redundancy, digital customs modernization, and strategic reserve stockpiling can mitigate geopolitical supply shocks by 40-60%. The study ends with strategic recommendations to Nigerian policymakers and logistics operators, highlighting the need for infrastructure investment, regional trade integration through the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), and predictive risk analytics. All of which are framed by the theoretical lenses of maritime security and supply chain resilience theory to add to the body of literature on trade vulnerability in developing economies during a time of geopolitical fragmentation.

Keywords: Risk mitigation, Supply chain resilience, Nigeria imports, Strait of Hormuz, Maritime logistics, Geopolitical conflict, AfCFTA, Developing economies.