In Taraba State, Nigeria, social protection floors are very important for people’s health and reducing poverty. Nonetheless, their efficacy is frequently compromised by deficiencies in governance and political will. This article looks at how social studies education could help make social protection floors stronger by encouraging critical thinking, civic engagement, and empathy. It identifies new problems that are arising because of weak institutions, corruption, poor coordination in governance, and a lack of commitment. It also talks about how competing interests and the politics of the election cycle can affect political will. Using Capability Approach Theory and Social Contract Theory, which stress people’s ability to achieve well-being, the paper says that social studies education can give people the power to demand and take part in strong social protection systems. Recommendations encompass fortifying institutions, enhancing transparency and accountability, encouraging collaboration, and cultivating political will through an informed and engaged citizenry.