The influence of social media on electoral outcomes has become increasingly significant, largely due to the rapid growth of the internet, which has transformed the world into a global village. This research investigates the political economy of police brutality and human rights violations in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, focusing specifically on the 2020 End-SARS protest movement. To achieve this, relevant literature and scholarly works were reviewed, alongside the application of theoretical frameworks such as the frustration–aggression theory and relative deprivation theory. These theories highlight the relationship between individuals’ behaviors and their socio-economic conditions—for example, acts of brutality and hostility among police officers can be traced to frustrations arising from inadequate remuneration. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 399 respondents, employing a survey research design and a cluster sampling technique. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study, and the data were analyzed using chi-square statistical tools. Findings revealed, among other things, that low police remuneration significantly contributes to incidents of police brutality. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government implement extensive reforms within law enforcement agencies, emphasizing human rights education, community policing, de-escalation skills, and ethical standards. The study concludes that sustained governmental and institutional reforms that ensure better treatment of both citizens and law enforcement personnel can significantly curb brutality and extrajudicial practices, paving the way for a more just society.